CWE-430 Base Incompleto

Deployment of Wrong Handler

This vulnerability occurs when a system incorrectly assigns or routes an object to the wrong processing component.

Definição

What is CWE-430?

This vulnerability occurs when a system incorrectly assigns or routes an object to the wrong processing component.
Deploying the wrong handler is a misconfiguration or logic flaw where an application sends data or a request to an unintended processing module. For instance, this could involve mistakenly routing a request for a JSP file's source code to a servlet designed to display it, rather than to the component that executes it. Such incorrect routing often bypasses the intended security controls and business logic, exposing the underlying system to unintended behavior. This issue frequently stems from flawed type-determination logic, where the system automatically infers how to handle an object, overriding an explicitly declared type. Developers encounter this when trust is placed in dynamic dispatch mechanisms, file upload handlers, or content-type resolvers that make incorrect assumptions. The core risk is that the wrong handler processes sensitive data or commands, potentially leading to information disclosure, code execution, or system manipulation.
Impacto no mundo real

Real-world CVEs caused by CWE-430

  • Source code disclosure via manipulated file extension that causes parsing by wrong DLL.

  • Web browser does not properly handle the Content-Type header field, causing a different application to process the document.

  • Source code disclosure by directly invoking a servlet.

  • Arbitrary Perl functions can be loaded by calling a non-existent function that activates a handler.

Como os atacantes a exploram

Trajeto do atacante passo a passo

  1. 1

    Identificar um caminho de código que trata input não confiável sem validação.

  2. 2

    Criar um payload que explora o comportamento inseguro — injeção, traversal, overflow ou abuso de lógica.

  3. 3

    Entregar o payload através de um pedido normal e observar a reação da aplicação.

  4. 4

    Iterar até que a resposta exponha dados, execute código do atacante ou escale privilégios.

Exemplo de código vulnerável

Vulnerable pseudo

A MITRE não publicou um exemplo de código para este CWE. O padrão abaixo é ilustrativo — consulte os Recursos para referências canónicas.

Vulnerável pseudo
// Example pattern — see MITRE for the canonical references.
function handleRequest(input) {
  // Untrusted input flows directly into the sensitive sink.
  return executeUnsafe(input);
}
Exemplo de código seguro

Secure pseudo

Seguro pseudo
// Validate, sanitize, or use a safe API before reaching the sink.
function handleRequest(input) {
  const safe = validateAndEscape(input);
  return executeWithGuards(safe);
}
What changed: the unsafe sink is replaced (or the input is validated/escaped) so the same payload no longer triggers the weakness.
Lista de verificação de prevenção

How to prevent CWE-430

  • Architecture and Design Perform a type check before interpreting an object.
  • Architecture and Design Reject any inconsistent types, such as a file with a .GIF extension that appears to consist of PHP code.
Sinais de deteção

How to detect CWE-430

SAST High

Executar análise estática (SAST) na base de código à procura do padrão inseguro no fluxo de dados.

DAST Moderate

Executar testes dinâmicos de segurança de aplicações (DAST) contra o endpoint em execução.

Runtime Moderate

Monitorizar os registos em tempo de execução para traços de exceção invulgares, input malformado ou tentativas de contornar a autorização.

Code review Moderate

Revisão de código: sinalizar qualquer novo código que trate input desta superfície sem usar os ajudantes validados do framework.

CWE-430

Don't catalog this weakness. Prove it's reachable.

Plexicus turns CWE catalogs into evidence: every CWE-pattern is matched against your real code graph, reach is proven on a sandbox clone, and verified findings ship as reviewed PRs.

Perguntas frequentes

Frequently asked questions

O que é o CWE-430?

This vulnerability occurs when a system incorrectly assigns or routes an object to the wrong processing component.

Qual a gravidade do CWE-430?

A MITRE não publicou uma classificação de probabilidade de exploração para esta fraqueza. Trate-a como impacto médio até o seu modelo de ameaças provar o contrário.

Que linguagens ou plataformas são afetadas pelo CWE-430?

A MITRE não especificou as plataformas afetadas por este CWE — pode aplicar-se à maioria das stacks de aplicações.

Como posso prevenir o CWE-430?

Perform a type check before interpreting an object. Reject any inconsistent types, such as a file with a .GIF extension that appears to consist of PHP code.

Como é que o Plexicus deteta e corrige o CWE-430?

O motor SAST do Plexicus correlaciona a assinatura de fluxo de dados do CWE-430 em cada commit. Quando é encontrada uma correspondência, o nosso agente Codex Remedium abre um PR de correção com o código corrigido, testes e um resumo de uma linha para o revisor.

Onde posso saber mais sobre o CWE-430?

A MITRE publica a definição canónica em https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/430.html. Pode também consultar a documentação da OWASP e do NIST para orientações adjacentes.

Fraquezas relacionadas

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Pronto para validar o que importa?

Pronto para validar o que importa.

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SAMPLE HANDOVER · ILLUSTRATIVE

Sample evidence handover

A trimmed view of what your team receives at the end of an AI Swarm Pentest engagement. Real engagements include full technical evidence, executive narrative, and a remediation plan.

VALIDATED FINDING Evidence attached

Server-Side Request Forgery in webhooks/receiver

demo-project/sample-app · src/webhooks/receiver.py:42

SeverityHigh CVSS 3.18.6 Priority79 Confirmedvia replay

Untrusted caller-supplied URLs reach an internal egress without an allowlist. Replayed in a sandbox against a fresh authorized target — the same control was validated to fail twice.

REVIEWER-READY REMEDIATION Merge-ready PR

Validate the target URL against an allowlist of permitted hostnames. Reject private/internal IP ranges. Enforce HTTPS only.

plexicus/remediation/webhooks-ssrf 3 changed · 0 new files
42resp = requests.get(target_url)
42+if not is_allowed_host(target_url):
43+  raise WebhookRejected(target_url)
44+resp = requests.get(target_url, timeout=5)
Every engagement hands over:
  • Executive briefing
  • Validated findings list
  • Merge-ready PRs
  • Compliance mapping (NIS2 · DORA · CRA)
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