CWE-833 Base Incompleto

Deadlock

Deadlock occurs when two or more threads or processes become permanently stuck, each waiting for the other to release a shared resource like a lock or mutex, preventing any of them from progressing.

Definición

What is CWE-833?

Deadlock occurs when two or more threads or processes become permanently stuck, each waiting for the other to release a shared resource like a lock or mutex, preventing any of them from progressing.
Deadlock is a common concurrency bug that arises when threads or processes enter a circular waiting pattern. For example, Thread A holds Lock 1 and waits for Lock 2, while Thread B holds Lock 2 and waits for Lock 1. Since neither can proceed without the resource the other holds, the entire system grinds to a halt. This often stems from inconsistent or poorly managed locking order across different parts of the code. To prevent deadlocks, developers should enforce a strict, global order for acquiring multiple locks and use timeouts or non-blocking lock attempts. Techniques like lock hierarchies, deadlock detection algorithms, and minimizing the scope and duration of locks are crucial. Understanding and managing these dependencies is essential for building robust, multi-threaded applications that avoid this silent failure state.
Impacto en el mundo real

Real-world CVEs caused by CWE-833

  • A bug in some Intel Pentium processors allow DoS (hang) via an invalid "CMPXCHG8B" instruction, causing a deadlock

  • OS deadlock

  • OS deadlock involving 3 separate functions

  • deadlock in library

  • deadlock triggered by packets that force collisions in a routing table

  • read/write deadlock between web server and script

  • web server deadlock involving multiple listening connections

  • multiple simultaneous calls to the same function trigger deadlock.

Cómo lo explotan los atacantes

Ruta del atacante paso a paso

  1. 1

    Identifica una ruta de código que maneje entrada no confiable sin validación.

  2. 2

    Crea un payload que ejercite el comportamiento inseguro — inyección, traversal, overflow o abuso de lógica.

  3. 3

    Envía el payload a través de una solicitud normal y observa la reacción de la aplicación.

  4. 4

    Itera hasta que la respuesta filtre datos, ejecute código del atacante o escale privilegios.

Ejemplo de código vulnerable

Vulnerable pseudo

MITRE no ha publicado un ejemplo de código para esta CWE. El patrón siguiente es ilustrativo — consulta Recursos para referencias canónicas.

Vulnerable pseudo
// Example pattern — see MITRE for the canonical references.
function handleRequest(input) {
  // Untrusted input flows directly into the sensitive sink.
  return executeUnsafe(input);
}
Ejemplo de código seguro

Secure pseudo

Seguro pseudo
// Validate, sanitize, or use a safe API before reaching the sink.
function handleRequest(input) {
  const safe = validateAndEscape(input);
  return executeWithGuards(safe);
}
What changed: the unsafe sink is replaced (or the input is validated/escaped) so the same payload no longer triggers the weakness.
Lista de prevención

How to prevent CWE-833

  • Architecture Use safe-by-default frameworks and APIs that prevent the unsafe pattern from being expressible.
  • Implementation Validate input at trust boundaries; use allowlists, not denylists.
  • Implementation Apply the principle of least privilege to credentials, file paths, and runtime permissions.
  • Testing Cover this weakness in CI: SAST rules + targeted unit tests for the data flow.
  • Operation Monitor logs for the runtime signals listed in the next section.
Señales de detección

How to detect CWE-833

SAST High

Ejecuta análisis estático (SAST) sobre el código buscando el patrón inseguro en el flujo de datos.

DAST Moderate

Ejecuta pruebas dinámicas de seguridad de aplicaciones (DAST) contra el endpoint en vivo.

Runtime Moderate

Vigila los logs en tiempo de ejecución para detectar trazas de excepción inusuales, entradas malformadas o intentos de bypass de autorización.

Code review Moderate

Revisión de código: marca cualquier código nuevo que maneje entrada desde esta superficie sin usar los helpers validados del framework.

CWE-833

Don't catalog this weakness. Prove it's reachable.

Plexicus turns CWE catalogs into evidence: every CWE-pattern is matched against your real code graph, reach is proven on a sandbox clone, and verified findings ship as reviewed PRs.

Preguntas frecuentes

Frequently asked questions

¿Qué es CWE-833?

Deadlock occurs when two or more threads or processes become permanently stuck, each waiting for the other to release a shared resource like a lock or mutex, preventing any of them from progressing.

¿Qué gravedad tiene CWE-833?

MITRE no ha publicado una calificación de probabilidad de explotación para esta debilidad. Trátala como de impacto medio hasta que tu modelo de amenazas demuestre lo contrario.

¿Qué lenguajes o plataformas se ven afectados por CWE-833?

MITRE no ha especificado plataformas afectadas para esta CWE — puede aplicar a la mayoría de los stacks de aplicaciones.

¿Cómo puedo prevenir CWE-833?

Use safe-by-default frameworks, validate untrusted input at trust boundaries, and apply the principle of least privilege. Cover the data-flow signature in CI with SAST.

¿Cómo detecta y corrige Plexicus CWE-833?

El motor SAST de Plexicus detecta la firma de flujo de datos para CWE-833 en cada commit. Cuando hay coincidencia, nuestro agente Codex Remedium abre un PR de corrección con el código corregido, las pruebas y un resumen de una línea para el revisor.

¿Dónde puedo aprender más sobre CWE-833?

MITRE publica la definición canónica en https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/833.html. También puedes consultar la documentación de OWASP y NIST para guías relacionadas.

Debilidades relacionadas

Weaknesses related to CWE-833

CWE-667 Padre

Improper Locking

This vulnerability occurs when a program fails to correctly acquire or release a lock on a shared resource, such as a file, database…

CWE-1232 Hermano

Improper Lock Behavior After Power State Transition

This vulnerability occurs when a hardware lock bit, designed to protect critical system configuration registers, is improperly reset or…

CWE-1233 Hermano

Security-Sensitive Hardware Controls with Missing Lock Bit Protection

This vulnerability occurs when a hardware device uses a lock bit to protect critical configuration registers, but the lock fails to…

CWE-1234 Hermano

Hardware Internal or Debug Modes Allow Override of Locks

Hardware debug modes or internal states can bypass critical system lock protections, allowing unauthorized changes to device configuration.

CWE-412 Hermano

Unrestricted Externally Accessible Lock

This vulnerability occurs when a system correctly checks for a lock's existence, but an unauthorized external actor can control or…

CWE-413 Hermano

Improper Resource Locking

This vulnerability occurs when an application fails to properly lock a shared resource, such as a file or memory location, before…

CWE-414 Hermano

Missing Lock Check

This vulnerability occurs when software fails to verify that a proper synchronization lock is active before accessing or modifying a…

CWE-609 Hermano

Double-Checked Locking

Double-checked locking is an insufficient synchronization pattern where a program checks a resource's state, acquires a lock, and checks…

CWE-764 Hermano

Multiple Locks of a Critical Resource

This vulnerability occurs when a critical resource, such as a file, data structure, or connection, is locked more times than the software…

¿Listo para validar lo que importa?

Listo para validar lo que importa.

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Calificación

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SAMPLE HANDOVER · ILLUSTRATIVE

Sample evidence handover

A trimmed view of what your team receives at the end of an AI Swarm Pentest engagement. Real engagements include full technical evidence, executive narrative, and a remediation plan.

VALIDATED FINDING Evidence attached

Server-Side Request Forgery in webhooks/receiver

demo-project/sample-app · src/webhooks/receiver.py:42

SeverityHigh CVSS 3.18.6 Priority79 Confirmedvia replay

Untrusted caller-supplied URLs reach an internal egress without an allowlist. Replayed in a sandbox against a fresh authorized target — the same control was validated to fail twice.

REVIEWER-READY REMEDIATION Merge-ready PR

Validate the target URL against an allowlist of permitted hostnames. Reject private/internal IP ranges. Enforce HTTPS only.

plexicus/remediation/webhooks-ssrf 3 changed · 0 new files
42resp = requests.get(target_url)
42+if not is_allowed_host(target_url):
43+  raise WebhookRejected(target_url)
44+resp = requests.get(target_url, timeout=5)
Every engagement hands over:
  • Executive briefing
  • Validated findings list
  • Merge-ready PRs
  • Compliance mapping (NIS2 · DORA · CRA)
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