CWE-1230 Base Incomplet

Exposure of Sensitive Information Through Metadata

This vulnerability occurs when an application protects the primary source of sensitive data but fails to secure the metadata derived from it. Attackers can then access this secondary information,…

Définition

What is CWE-1230?

This vulnerability occurs when an application protects the primary source of sensitive data but fails to secure the metadata derived from it. Attackers can then access this secondary information, which may leak critical details about the original content.
Developers often focus access controls on the main data repository, like a database, but overlook the traces that data leaves elsewhere. Sensitive information can be exposed through search engine indices, system logs, statistical analytics, file metadata (like timestamps), or cached previews. If these secondary resources aren't locked down with the same rigor, they become a backdoor for information disclosure. Attackers exploit this by piecing together metadata to reconstruct sensitive details. For example, unique search terms might reveal a specific user's records, or file creation dates could expose activity patterns. This indirect data leakage can be just as damaging as direct access, compromising privacy and violating data protection principles.
Impact réel

Real-world CVEs caused by CWE-1230

Aucune référence CVE publique n'est liée à ce CWE dans le catalogue MITRE pour le moment.

Comment les attaquants l'exploitent

Parcours de l'attaquant étape par étape

  1. 1

    Identifier un chemin de code qui traite des entrées non fiables sans validation.

  2. 2

    Élaborer une charge utile qui exploite le comportement non sécurisé — injection, traversal, débordement ou abus de logique.

  3. 3

    Délivrer la charge utile via une requête normale et observer la réaction de l'application.

  4. 4

    Itérer jusqu'à ce que la réponse divulgue des données, exécute le code de l'attaquant ou élève les privilèges.

Exemple de code vulnérable

Vulnerable pseudo

MITRE n'a pas publié d'exemple de code pour ce CWE. Le motif ci-dessous est illustratif — voir Ressources pour les références canoniques.

Vulnérable pseudo
// Example pattern — see MITRE for the canonical references.
function handleRequest(input) {
  // Untrusted input flows directly into the sensitive sink.
  return executeUnsafe(input);
}
Exemple de code sécurisé

Secure pseudo

Sécurisé pseudo
// Validate, sanitize, or use a safe API before reaching the sink.
function handleRequest(input) {
  const safe = validateAndEscape(input);
  return executeWithGuards(safe);
}
What changed: the unsafe sink is replaced (or the input is validated/escaped) so the same payload no longer triggers the weakness.
Liste de contrôle de prévention

How to prevent CWE-1230

  • Architecture Use safe-by-default frameworks and APIs that prevent the unsafe pattern from being expressible.
  • Implementation Validate input at trust boundaries; use allowlists, not denylists.
  • Implementation Apply the principle of least privilege to credentials, file paths, and runtime permissions.
  • Testing Cover this weakness in CI: SAST rules + targeted unit tests for the data flow.
  • Operation Monitor logs for the runtime signals listed in the next section.
Signaux de détection

How to detect CWE-1230

SAST High

Exécuter une analyse statique (SAST) sur le code source à la recherche du motif non sécurisé dans le flux de données.

DAST Moderate

Exécuter des tests de sécurité applicative dynamique (DAST) contre le point de terminaison en ligne.

Runtime Moderate

Surveiller les journaux runtime pour détecter des traces d'exception inhabituelles, des entrées malformées ou des tentatives de contournement d'autorisation.

Code review Moderate

Revue de code : signaler tout nouveau code qui traite les entrées de cette surface sans utiliser les helpers du framework validés.

CWE-1230

Don't catalog this weakness. Prove it's reachable.

Plexicus turns CWE catalogs into evidence: every CWE-pattern is matched against your real code graph, reach is proven on a sandbox clone, and verified findings ship as reviewed PRs.

Questions fréquentes

Frequently asked questions

Qu'est-ce que CWE-1230 ?

This vulnerability occurs when an application protects the primary source of sensitive data but fails to secure the metadata derived from it. Attackers can then access this secondary information, which may leak critical details about the original content.

Quelle est la gravité de CWE-1230 ?

MITRE n'a pas publié de note de probabilité d'exploitation pour cette faiblesse. Traitez-la comme un impact moyen jusqu'à ce que votre modèle de menace prouve le contraire.

Quels langages ou plateformes sont affectés par CWE-1230 ?

MITRE lists the following affected platforms: Not OS-Specific, Not Architecture-Specific.

Comment puis-je prévenir CWE-1230 ?

Use safe-by-default frameworks, validate untrusted input at trust boundaries, and apply the principle of least privilege. Cover the data-flow signature in CI with SAST.

Comment Plexicus détecte et corrige CWE-1230 ?

Le moteur SAST de Plexicus reconnaît la signature de flux de données de CWE-1230 à chaque commit. Lorsqu'une correspondance est trouvée, notre agent Codex Remedium ouvre une PR de correction avec le code corrigé, les tests et un résumé d'une ligne pour le relecteur.

Où puis-je en savoir plus sur CWE-1230 ?

MITRE publie la définition canonique à https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/1230.html. Vous pouvez également consulter la documentation OWASP et NIST pour des conseils adjacents.

Faiblesses associées

Weaknesses related to CWE-1230

CWE-285 Parent

Improper Authorization

This vulnerability occurs when an application fails to properly verify whether a user has permission to access specific data or perform…

CWE-1256 Frère

Improper Restriction of Software Interfaces to Hardware Features

This vulnerability occurs when a system's software interfaces to hardware features—like power, clock, or performance management—are not…

CWE-1297 Frère

Unprotected Confidential Information on Device is Accessible by OSAT Vendors

This vulnerability occurs when a semiconductor chip does not properly secure sensitive data, making it accessible to third-party…

CWE-1328 Frère

Security Version Number Mutable to Older Versions

This vulnerability occurs when a hardware system's security version number can be changed, allowing an attacker to downgrade or roll back…

CWE-552 Frère

Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties

This vulnerability occurs when an application exposes files or directories to users who shouldn't have access to them.

CWE-732 Frère

Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource

This vulnerability occurs when a system grants overly permissive access to a sensitive resource, allowing unauthorized users or processes…

CWE-862 Frère

Missing Authorization

This vulnerability occurs when an application fails to verify whether a user has permission to access specific data or execute certain…

CWE-863 Frère

Incorrect Authorization

This vulnerability occurs when an application checks if a user is allowed to perform an action or access data, but the check is flawed or…

CWE-926 Frère

Improper Export of Android Application Components

This vulnerability occurs when an Android app makes a component (like an Activity, Service, or Content Provider) available to other apps…

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SAMPLE HANDOVER · ILLUSTRATIVE

Sample evidence handover

A trimmed view of what your team receives at the end of an AI Swarm Pentest engagement. Real engagements include full technical evidence, executive narrative, and a remediation plan.

VALIDATED FINDING Evidence attached

Server-Side Request Forgery in webhooks/receiver

demo-project/sample-app · src/webhooks/receiver.py:42

SeverityHigh CVSS 3.18.6 Priority79 Confirmedvia replay

Untrusted caller-supplied URLs reach an internal egress without an allowlist. Replayed in a sandbox against a fresh authorized target — the same control was validated to fail twice.

REVIEWER-READY REMEDIATION Merge-ready PR

Validate the target URL against an allowlist of permitted hostnames. Reject private/internal IP ranges. Enforce HTTPS only.

plexicus/remediation/webhooks-ssrf 3 changed · 0 new files
42resp = requests.get(target_url)
42+if not is_allowed_host(target_url):
43+  raise WebhookRejected(target_url)
44+resp = requests.get(target_url, timeout=5)
Every engagement hands over:
  • Executive briefing
  • Validated findings list
  • Merge-ready PRs
  • Compliance mapping (NIS2 · DORA · CRA)
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