CWE-12 Variante Brouillon

ASP.NET Misconfiguration: Missing Custom Error Page

This vulnerability occurs when an ASP.NET application fails to configure custom error pages, allowing attackers to extract sensitive information from the framework's default error messages.

Définition

What is CWE-12?

This vulnerability occurs when an ASP.NET application fails to configure custom error pages, allowing attackers to extract sensitive information from the framework's default error messages.
When an ASP.NET application encounters an error, it can reveal detailed technical information in its default response, such as stack traces, server file paths, database connection details, or snippets of source code. Attackers actively probe for these errors to gather intelligence about your application's internal structure, which they can then use to plan more targeted and damaging attacks. To prevent this, you must configure custom error pages in your web.config file. This ensures that any runtime errors display a generic, user-friendly message to visitors while logging the full technical details securely on the server. This simple configuration step acts as a critical layer of defense, stopping information leaks that could compromise your entire application.
Impact réel

Real-world CVEs caused by CWE-12

Aucune référence CVE publique n'est liée à ce CWE dans le catalogue MITRE pour le moment.

Comment les attaquants l'exploitent

Parcours de l'attaquant étape par étape

  1. 1

    The mode attribute of the tag in the Web.config file defines whether custom or default error pages are used.

  2. 2

    In the following insecure ASP.NET application setting, custom error message mode is turned off. An ASP.NET error message with detailed stack trace and platform versions will be returned.

  3. 3

    A more secure setting is to set the custom error message mode for remote users only. No defaultRedirect error page is specified. The local user on the web server will see a detailed stack trace. For remote users, an ASP.NET error message with the server customError configuration setting and the platform version will be returned.

  4. 4

    Another secure option is to set the mode attribute of the tag to use a custom page as follows:

Exemple de code vulnérable

Vulnerable ASP.NET

In the following insecure ASP.NET application setting, custom error message mode is turned off. An ASP.NET error message with detailed stack trace and platform versions will be returned.

Vulnérable ASP.NET
<customErrors mode="Off" />
Exemple de code sécurisé

Secure ASP.NET

A more secure setting is to set the custom error message mode for remote users only. No defaultRedirect error page is specified. The local user on the web server will see a detailed stack trace. For remote users, an ASP.NET error message with the server customError configuration setting and the platform version will be returned.

Sécurisé ASP.NET
<customErrors mode="RemoteOnly" />
What changed: the unsafe sink is replaced (or the input is validated/escaped) so the same payload no longer triggers the weakness.
Liste de contrôle de prévention

How to prevent CWE-12

  • System Configuration Handle exceptions appropriately in source code. ASP .NET applications should be configured to use custom error pages instead of the framework default page.
  • Architecture and Design Do not attempt to process an error or attempt to mask it.
  • Implementation Verify return values are correct and do not supply sensitive information about the system.
Signaux de détection

How to detect CWE-12

SAST High

Exécuter une analyse statique (SAST) sur le code source à la recherche du motif non sécurisé dans le flux de données.

DAST Moderate

Exécuter des tests de sécurité applicative dynamique (DAST) contre le point de terminaison en ligne.

Runtime Moderate

Surveiller les journaux runtime pour détecter des traces d'exception inhabituelles, des entrées malformées ou des tentatives de contournement d'autorisation.

Code review Moderate

Revue de code : signaler tout nouveau code qui traite les entrées de cette surface sans utiliser les helpers du framework validés.

CWE-12

Don't catalog this weakness. Prove it's reachable.

Plexicus turns CWE catalogs into evidence: every CWE-pattern is matched against your real code graph, reach is proven on a sandbox clone, and verified findings ship as reviewed PRs.

Questions fréquentes

Frequently asked questions

Qu'est-ce que CWE-12 ?

This vulnerability occurs when an ASP.NET application fails to configure custom error pages, allowing attackers to extract sensitive information from the framework's default error messages.

Quelle est la gravité de CWE-12 ?

MITRE n'a pas publié de note de probabilité d'exploitation pour cette faiblesse. Traitez-la comme un impact moyen jusqu'à ce que votre modèle de menace prouve le contraire.

Quels langages ou plateformes sont affectés par CWE-12 ?

MITRE lists the following affected platforms: ASP.NET.

Comment puis-je prévenir CWE-12 ?

Handle exceptions appropriately in source code. ASP .NET applications should be configured to use custom error pages instead of the framework default page. Do not attempt to process an error or attempt to mask it.

Comment Plexicus détecte et corrige CWE-12 ?

Le moteur SAST de Plexicus reconnaît la signature de flux de données de CWE-12 à chaque commit. Lorsqu'une correspondance est trouvée, notre agent Codex Remedium ouvre une PR de correction avec le code corrigé, les tests et un résumé d'une ligne pour le relecteur.

Où puis-je en savoir plus sur CWE-12 ?

MITRE publie la définition canonique à https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/12.html. Vous pouvez également consulter la documentation OWASP et NIST pour des conseils adjacents.

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Qualification

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SAMPLE HANDOVER · ILLUSTRATIVE

Sample evidence handover

A trimmed view of what your team receives at the end of an AI Swarm Pentest engagement. Real engagements include full technical evidence, executive narrative, and a remediation plan.

VALIDATED FINDING Evidence attached

Server-Side Request Forgery in webhooks/receiver

demo-project/sample-app · src/webhooks/receiver.py:42

SeverityHigh CVSS 3.18.6 Priority79 Confirmedvia replay

Untrusted caller-supplied URLs reach an internal egress without an allowlist. Replayed in a sandbox against a fresh authorized target — the same control was validated to fail twice.

REVIEWER-READY REMEDIATION Merge-ready PR

Validate the target URL against an allowlist of permitted hostnames. Reject private/internal IP ranges. Enforce HTTPS only.

plexicus/remediation/webhooks-ssrf 3 changed · 0 new files
42resp = requests.get(target_url)
42+if not is_allowed_host(target_url):
43+  raise WebhookRejected(target_url)
44+resp = requests.get(target_url, timeout=5)
Every engagement hands over:
  • Executive briefing
  • Validated findings list
  • Merge-ready PRs
  • Compliance mapping (NIS2 · DORA · CRA)
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